Lesson Plan
Title:  Arrays Craze
Subject:  Mathematics
Grade Level:  3
Overview:
MATH GRADE 3 Activity 2 Unit 4 Model Curriculum Framework BENCHMARKS: N-4-E Demonstrating a conceptual understanding of the meaning of the basic arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply, and divide) and their relationships to eachother. N-7-E Constructing, using, and explaining procedures to compute and estimate with whole numbers. GLE: (5) Recognize and model multiplication as a rectangular array or as repeated addition. In this lesson, students model multiplication as an array or as repeated addition. Groups of students work with small packs of candy to determine the total number of individual candies. Findings and methods used are shared, leading to a discussion of "arrays" and "repeated addition". Pairs of students will model multiplication facts by making arrays with colored counters and by drawing arrays. Partners will then draw or stamp arrays to show given multiplication facts and publish using Kid Pix. Other students will take photographs of objects placed in an array using a digital camera. These will be put into a Power Point slideshow for all students to identify the multiplication or repeated addition facts represented.
Approximate Duration:  4 thirty minute lessons
Content Standards:
  • Number and Number Relations
         In problem-solving investigations, students demonstrate an understanding of the real number system and communicate the relationships within that system using a variety of techniques and tools.
Benchmarks:
  • N-4-E
         demonstrating a conceptual understanding of the meaning of the basic arithmetic operations (add, subtract, multiply, and divide) and their relationships to each other;
  • N-7-E
         constructing, using, and explaining procedures to compute and estimate with whole numbers (e.g., mental math strategies)
Grade-Level Expectations (GLEs):
    • Number and Number Relations
      Grade 3

      5. Recognize and model multiplication as a rectangular array or as repeated addition

      (N-4-E) (N-7-E)
    Interdisciplinary Connections:  
    • English/Language Arts : Standard 1
           Students read, comprehend, and respond to a range of materials, using a variety of strategies for different purposes.
    • English/Language Arts : Standard 2
           Students write competently for a variety of purposes and audiences.
    Educational Technology Standards:  
    • Use a variety of developmentally appropriate resources and productivity tools (e.g., logical thinking programs, writing and graphic tools,digital cameras,graphing software) for communication,presentation,and illustration of thoughts, ideas,and stories.
    • Use technology tools (e.g., publishing, multimedia tools, and word processing software) for individual and for simple collaborative writing, communication, and publishing activities for a variety of audiences.
    • Use technology resources to assist in problem-solving, self-directed learning, and extended learning activities.
    Objectives:
    1. The learner will recognize and model multiplication as a rectangular array or as repeated addition.
    2. The learner will create arrays representing multiplication facts using Kid Pix.
    3. The learner will create arrays representing multiplication facts and photograph them using a digital camera for a Powerpoint slideshow.
    Lesson Materials and Resources:
    Individual marker boards
    Dry erase markers
    Colored counters
    Small packs of Sixlets candy (and other clear packs with 2, 3, or 4... candies)
    Pictures of objects in groups (equal groups)
    Assessment Rubric
    Array Quiz
    Technology Tools and Materials:

    Hardware:
    Computer, printer, digital camera

    Software:
    MS Powerpoint, Kid Pix

    Websites:
    •FUNBRAIN.COM
          www.funbrain.com/math/index.html
    •INTERNET4CLASSROOMS
          www.internet4classrooms.com/skills_3rd.htm
    •RUBISTAR
          rubistar.4teachers.org

    Other:

    Background Information:
    Students have a strong understanding of addition and have worked with repeated addition facts. They have used Kid Pix for publishing and can take photographs with a digital camera. Students also have basic computer skills needed to make a Powerpoint slide.
    Lesson Procedures:
    GROUPING ACTIVITY
    1. Students are divided into groups of five.
    2. Each student is given a pack of Sixlets candy.
    3. Teacher asks question, "How many candies are there at each table?"
    4. Each group finds the answer (without opening the candy) and writes the number sentence used on small marker boards.
    5. Groups share how they worked the problem.
    6. Teacher has students lay the packs of candy in rows. Students identify as "arrays". Discussion of arrays, repeated addition, and multiplication follows.
    7. Repeat procedure with one or two more problems using other small packs of candy.
    ASSESSING PRIOR KNOWLEDGE
    1. Show pictures of several like objects in groups.
    2. Students tell how many objects there are with a number sentence. (ex. 4+4+4=12)
    LESSON PROCEDURES CONTINUED
    1. Pair up students.
    2. Students model multiplication problem 4x3=12 with red counters and 3x4=12 with yellow counters. Students write the two multiplication facts and the repeated addition facts on individual marker boards. Discuss.
    3. Students draw arrays (any symbols/pictures) showing 5x3=15 and 4x7=28 on individual marker boards. Next they write the repeated addition problems for those facts. Discuss whole group.
    4. Partners (one-half of the class) use Kid Pix to draw or stamp two arrays showing a given multiplication fact, then type in the facts. Print copies to share and display.
    5. Partners (one-half of the class) take a photo with a digital camera showing an array of a given fact. These will become a Powerpoint presentation wherein the whole class will determine and write the repeated addition fact and multiplication fact for each slide on marker boards. Answer slides will allow students to check their work.
    6. Students recap what learned. Play "Lemonade Stand" and "Fun on the Farm" (found at www.internet4classrooms.com/skills_3rd.htm). All students answer on marker boards. Call individual students up to type answers on computer.


    Assessment Procedures:
    The teacher will complete Arrays Rubric to assess Kid Pix and Power point arrays and facts.
    The learner will write multiplication and repeated addition facts for arrays shown.
    The learner will complete Arrays Quiz.

    CONSTRUCTIVE RESPONSE QUESTION:
    At the end of the lessons, the learner will write a response to the following: "What if, on Mars, 'array' meant 'cookie'? How would you explain what 'array' means on Earth to the Martian?
    Accommodations/Modifications:
    Accommodations and modifications are addressed following student IEPs. Learning experiences follow the objectives and are developmentally appropriate for all students to achieve success.
              ----- written by Sally Gibbs  

    Reproducible Materials:
    Explorations and Extensions:
    1. Read book "Bunches and Bunches of Bunnies" to class. Students make arrays to show multiplication facts in story. Invite students to write their own short stories involving multiplication actions.
    2. Students practice multiplication facts with games at funbrain.com.
    3. Challenge advanced students to "Build the Code" on WebQuest.
    Lesson Development Resources:
    In the website section of Making Connections, a complete page of website resources is located for development of this lesson.
    Reflections:
    Once again I am reminded how much students enjoy using technology and are thrilled to see their products as a part of the lesson.
    Contact Information:
    Sally Gibbs
    sally.gibbs@cpsb.org
    Prien Lake Elementary
    Additional Contacts:
    MarcoPolo Lesson:  No